According to many people, bee breeding is an interesting, promising and rewarding activity that does not require special investment of effort, time and money. In fact, before approaching such a responsible matter, you will need to familiarize yourself with the structure of insects, the rules of care, drawing up a calendar for the withdrawal of queen bees, keeping in a settlement, the sequence of seasonal work. You will also need to invest in order to get not just profit in the future, but good and high-quality products. But before you open a profitable business of growing bees in your summer cottage, you should definitely weigh the pros and cons.

Breeding bees at home for beginners

How to breed bees for beginners from scratch? You need to immediately be prepared for the most unforeseen circumstances, and therefore it is better to acquire not one, but several bee colonies. Over time, the apiary will gradually increase, and the risks will decrease. How many individuals should there be in one family? On average, the number of insects varies between 20-100 thousand, but it all depends on the season and the strength of the swarm.

Important! The best option would be to breed a bee swarm with three families, but if you plan to turn this hobby into a business, over time you will need to buy at least 50 more bee colonies.

It is equally important to correctly position the hives on the site. To do this, you need to know that every day one bee family will collect about 20 kg of nectar, which will subsequently be converted into 10 kg of honey. Experienced bee specialists recommend that beginners join the beekeepers' union, in which they can provide advice, can provide helpful guides and even physical assistance with settling.

Breeding bees at home

Very often young beekeepers are afraid of insect bites, but it is important to understand that a bee will never sting just like that, since after that it will die immediately. You can avoid this if:

  • exclude sudden movements;
  • do not make loud sounds;
  • wear clean, light-colored, lint-free clothes that are free of foreign odors.

For the prevention of soothing insects, you can use a special smoker. Over time, the charges begin to get used to their owner and will not sting without real danger. In general, at the initial stage, you need to take care of:

  • choosing a place for an apiary that will meet special requirements;
  • the choice of bee equipment;
  • choosing the type of bees that will be comfortable in the breeding climate;
  • choosing a species for productivity;
  • learning the basics of activities such as beekeeping in order to avoid serious mistakes.

How to breed bees and where to start

Bumblebee breeding

How to breed bees correctly? Before starting breeding, you need to purchase layering and bee colonies. This is done in the springtime. It will cost a little more, but the profit will go almost immediately, because soon the insects will begin to give honey.

Important! The acquisition of bee colonies should be done at least 5 km from the apiary, where they will be kept in the future, in order to exclude their return home. Together with them, frames with dry land are immediately acquired, which will be used for expanding families.The purchase should be made from a trusted beekeeper who has many positive references.

There are even specific instructions on how to make a purchase.

  • They go for the bees in the afternoon.
  • You need to take hives or boxes under the frames with you.
  • The frames should be rearranged inside the hive in exactly the same order as they were before. After that, they are fixed with planks to prevent them from shifting during transportation.
  • We need to wait for the flight bees to return and settle in a new house.
  • The tray is closing. The structure can be taken away.

You should also pay attention to:

  • Frames on which the brood is kept, as they must contain the optimal number of flight bees.
  • Sowing, since there should be no gaps in it, and this brood will be called variegated.
  • Cell shades, as they should not be variegated. If there are holes in the caps, then this is a clear sign of illness.
  • Bees near the hive. If they crawl, and many have broken wings, then this indicates an illness.

If there is at least one doubt that the bees are sick or have a reduced immunity, then it is better to refuse to buy, since it is not so easy, and sometimes even impossible, to bring them back to their normal form.

How to breed bees and where to start

How to breed and keep bees from scratch at their summer cottage: what you need to know for this

Bee syrup

Only the apiary that is made according to the rules and is under supervision can bring benefit.

The nuances of divorce:

  • When installing hives with bees in a village, you first need to coordinate this moment with your neighbors.
  • There must be at least 50 m from the hive to the living quarters of the neighbors.
  • If the personal plot is very small, then it is undesirable to engage in beekeeping, as this will negatively affect the health and condition of insects.
  • The hives are placed in a “calm” area where there is no wind and constant noise.
  • It is better to have a distance of 5-6 m between the houses, and leave a free space of 4-5 m between the rows.
  • The apiary should be located where there are many trees, as this will prevent the occurrence of diseases.
  • To ensure optimal lighting, it is advisable to install houses with a slight slope to the south side of the site.
  • The holes are directed to the inside of the apiary.
  • It is forbidden to put an apiary near the track or where a large number of people often accumulate. In a holiday village, it is better to place them in places far from houses, where there are practically no houses.
  • It is forbidden to put houses for bees in a damp and low-lying area, as well as near factories and similar industrial structures, otherwise there is a high probability of disease.
  • It is better that the apiary is in the midst of melliferous crops, and those that bloom at different times. If this does not work, then the apiary can be transported, provided that it is mobile.
  • If you plan to sell honey, then you first need to obtain a sanitary and veterinary passport.

Queen bee hatching calendar

How to get rid of bees

Experienced beekeepers are engaged in:

  • the establishment of a beekeeper's calendar;
  • fixing deadlines;
  • fixing the number of individuals that were bred, in what periods and in what conditions;
  • keeping the pedigree of the larvae to have an idea of ​​each bee.

In the time frame, you need to enter information about when the eggs were sown on the mother's family and how many of them were hatched. The calendar is very simple.

  1. A disc is cut out of cardboard.
  2. It contains numbers and months.
  3. For convenience and durability, you need to glue the disc onto a solid board.
  4. In the center, it must be attached with a bolt to the wall.

How to use the beekeeper's calendar? For example, on June 9, a frame with maggots was placed in the family. The number 4 is set to 9 and fixed. Now you can see that on the 11th, culling should be carried out to remove unnecessary materials.

Rules for breeding bees in the village

How should a bee be kept in the village? The legislation of the Russian Federation does not contain any information about restrictions that can prohibit the keeping of insects on the territory of a private farm. However, there are special regulations that talk about keeping insects in the village, as well as about organizing an apiary. In addition, there is a directive with data on the prevention and elimination of wards of such a plan. The above documents contain the following information:

  • Hives, in which bee colonies are present, should be installed no closer than 3 m from the border with a neighboring site, and the fence itself should be at least 2 m.However, if it is absent, then, accordingly, the distance of the houses from the neighbors increases. and the holes should be directed towards the center of the beekeeper's estate.
  • If the apiary is stationary, then under the hives, stands are placed at least 300 mm high relative to the ground level with a gap between the houses of 3.5 m.A span of 10 m is left between the row line.It is recommended to keep the bees in the village so that there is a platform in front of the holes 500 × 500 mm. In addition, the found corpses of insects on the site must be collected and burned.
  • The hives must be well made. It is strictly forbidden to remove honeycombs containing sugar.
  • In an apiary inside the village, it is forbidden to grow bees of evil species and their hybrids.
  • It is permissible to keep bees, provided that only 2 hives are located on 100 m².

Note! The wrong attitude of a person can lead to aggressive behavior of insects. Insects absolutely do not tolerate the smell of sweat, alcohol, cologne, as well as the theft of honey.

Rotary breeding of bees

Bee breeding at home for beginners can be carried out using a rotary method. Maintenance and reproduction in this way is also called round-the-clock. Those who choose to use it do so with one goal in mind - keeping the insects at their best and preventing varroatosis.

Rules for breeding bees in the village

The essence of the method lies in the fact that bees are required to be kept throughout the year on a mesh pallet, and to be sent out for the winter. In addition, drone brood removal is required. A beginner will be able to do beekeeping in the country, but only if he follows all the recommendations.

This technology originated in Germany, where beekeeping is a kind of hobby, not a business item. Despite this, the development of the industry confirms the fact that the German economy is going in the right direction. Apart from this, there are additional benefits.

The rotary method allows you to prevent the appearance of ticks, as well as to increase the volume of efficient insects, which significantly increases the honey yield.

How to breed bees using this method:

  • Creation of comfortable conditions for wintering in the wild.
  • Artificial education of new families.
  • Regular monitoring of morbidity.
  • Carrying out the transportation of hives to the apiary where there is an abundance of plants favorable for bribes.

Is it profitable to breed bees

How to breed bees and where to start? Experienced beekeepers know that selling honey in supermarkets is far from the most profitable way. Buyers can pay much more for materials sourced directly from the apiary. Naturally, the question arises: why? Thus, he is almost 100% sure that he receives a high-quality and natural product.

If there is a desire to establish large-scale sales, then it is quite possible to turn to large bakeries, since they are included in the list of the main consumers of honey. More advanced people prefer to sell it over the Internet, however this may not be very profitable due to the large number of scammers around.

Important! The main advantage of a bee product is its long shelf life, which allows it to be sold within 1-2 years from the date of collection.

But beekeeping has its risks and fears.

Risks that do not depend on people:

  • too much heat or, conversely, severe cold;
  • an abundance of rain, hail and winds;
  • fire;
  • theft;
  • natural disasters.

Risks that directly depend on the person:

  • insect diseases;
  • their neglected state;
  • loss of the uterus by individuals;
  • improper care;
  • illiterate breeding.

To get the most out of your business, consider the following guidelines:

  • Inside the nests, nets should be placed under the garbage, this will significantly simplify the work of insects and save their energy by directing it to collecting pollen.
  • When wet and cool weather sets in, nest insulation is required, otherwise the bees will start spending too much energy on their own heating.
  • Brood larvae must be removed in a timely manner.
  • Flower syrup is used to feed the workers. How to breed bees correctly so that they are healthy? It is necessary to make a syrup from the flowers on which the main honey collection is carried out. As a result, insects will move to other plants, and this will ultimately result in a quality product.
  • It is better to choose hives in which upper entrances are provided, as they are more convenient.
  • The frames are set in the same size, this is very important for every bee hive. Proportionality allows replacement if one of them breaks.
  • It is strictly forbidden to pump out honey for the winter, as this will increase the vitality of insects and make it easier to care for them.

How profitable is it to breed bees? For the process to be successful, you need to devote a considerable amount of time to them, only then the business will be profitable. Breeding bee families is an extremely troublesome and painstaking task. A successful beekeeper will be only the one who will be attentive to the Hymenoptera wards!