Grapes in the country

Viticulture is a business that mankind has been doing since ancient times. Countries where this plant began to be especially appreciated were Ancient Greece and Egypt. Today viticulture has become popular among summer residents, despite the fact that it is not easy to grow a culture. It only seems at first glance that it is very easy to grow a vine. In fact, you have to wait for the first harvest for at least three years, during which you need to take care of the plant, fight pests and wrap it up during the cold season. This is especially true for Siberia and the Urals.

Why are grapes grown in the country

The grapes love a lot of light and warmth. In addition, it is very durable and has the property of recovering if the vines are damaged by frost or hail. However, the restoration takes at least two years.

In order to get a good crop harvest, the summer resident needs, first of all, to think and determine for what purpose he will grow grapes in the country:

1. If the summer resident wants to make wine, juices and other drinks at home, then in this case they choose technical plant varieties. They contain a large amount of juice.
2. Table varieties are suitable as a treat for the family. They are eaten only fresh. Depending on the variety, the fruits can ripen in mid-summer and late autumn. They have excellent keeping quality, due to which they are stored for a long time.
3. If you need to decorate a gazebo, wall or hedge with greenery, then decorative grapes are perfect.
4. The fruit of the universal varieties can be eaten fresh and used in the preparation of various drinks.
5. Seedless varieties are used in production for the preparation of dried fruits, such as raisins and raisins, and they are also eaten with pleasure.

Grapes in the country

Growing edible grapes in the country

Before setting up a vineyard in the country, you need to choose the right place for these purposes. It should be borne in mind that the plant needs a lot of lighting, while it is afraid of drafts. Many in this case will ask the question: "Will the grapes grow in the shade?" You need to know that a lot of dampness remains in the shade, which the bush does not tolerate. Therefore, it is strictly prohibited to plant it in such places.

The location chosen on the south side of the building will be the best option. In the event that the plant needs to be planted near some structure, a distance of at least half a meter should be set aside. Planted grapes in partial shade will feel more or less comfortable, but at the same time, the grower will not wait for high yields from it.

If we talk about the soil on which the plant likes to grow, then the sandy soil will be the best for it. It should be taken into account at what distance from the surface the groundwater is. The vine does not like excess moisture. Manure must be used as fertilizer, and lime must be added to acidic soil.

Growing

Reproduction of culture

The plant reproduces with seeds, cuttings and cuttings. The best option is the graft propagation method. In this case, the root system develops very quickly, and the plant takes root in its place. When transplanting a shrub from place to place, you can injure the roots, so this must be done very carefully.

For this method, you need to prepare planting material in the fall.To do this, select a part of the vine that is woody. This can be in the middle or at the bottom. At this point, the cut diameter is at least one centimeter. The shank should be fifty centimeters in size. Prepared cuttings are stuck in boxes of sand and stored in the basement.

It is recommended to treat the cuttings with copper sulfate, which will prevent the appearance of mold. In spring, healthy cuttings are selected and seedlings are grown in boxes before planting them in a permanent place.

Planting seedlings

It is important to know how to properly grow grapes in the country. It is possible to plant ready-made seedlings in open ground only when the ground becomes well warmed up. It is important that the spring frosts never return. It is necessary to take into account the fact that in each region this period begins in different ways. In the autumn period, planting grapes can also be done, but only no later than the fifteenth of October.

The distance between shrubs depends on the grape variety. For tall shrubs, the optimal distance is one and a half or two meters, the depth of the hole should be at least one meter.

For good plant growth, you need to take care of drainage. To do this, rubble or pebbles are poured at the bottom of the pit with a ten centimeters ball. On this layer, you need to put slate or boards and sprinkle on top with a mixture of fertile soil and fertilizers. Wood ash is also added. When the hole is half full, a mound needs to be poured in the middle. The seedling needs to be planted in this particular hill, while the root system is straightened.

Planting seedlings

After that, soil is poured into the pit, only two buds remain above the surface. The top of the seedling is slightly shortened. After that, the plant is watered and compacted. Further, the root system must be mulched.

Care includes pruning, watering and fertilizing.

Planting and growing decorative grapes

The grapes and garden in the country are of great importance. Decorative grapes, also called maiden, can be used as:

1. Live hedge. In this case, the vine will cover the entire garden or half of it with an impenetrable wall. For support, you can use a net or tie it to a metal wire.
2. Curb. In this case, it is used to decorate compositions that are large.
3. For decoration of architectural structures.
4. Arches.
5. Close the desired piece of land.
6. Create shadows in the right places.

The plant reproduces:

• Cuttings.
• Pieces of rhizome.
• Seeds.
• Shoots.

This grape is best propagated by layering. On the one hand, this is an excellent quality, but on the other, it is very intrusive. Thanks to this quality, impassable thickets are grown from grapes. Once the decorative walls have been planted, the plant continues to multiply as soon as the vine lays down on the soil surface, for gardeners it only adds work.

The plant is planted in autumn or spring. The air temperature must be at least twenty-two degrees. You can propagate girlish grapes using seeds. For this, the seed is collected in the fall from grapes. The best way to carry seed is not people, but birds. Surprisingly, with such a planting, the plant takes root faster. In this case, you can find the sprout and plant it in the right place.

In order for decorative grapes to grow and develop perfectly, they need to create comfortable conditions:

1. The plant can grow both on the sunny side of the garden and in the shade. The only significant difference is the color of the leaves. In the shade, they will be slightly lighter than in direct sunlight.
2. Watering should be moderate.Only rain can make the best watering.
3. Pruning is done only when the curb or sculptural decoration of the garden is formed.
4. The plant does not need feeding.
5. Almost any soil composition is suitable for this crop. But the best is loose soil with enough room to grow.

Wild grapes are not afraid of diseases or pests. But in order to prevent it, it is recommended to process it with copper sulfate. The only pest that attacks girlish grapes is aphids. To do this, the plant must be treated with an insecticide at the beginning of the season, and this will be enough for the entire season.

Care

Which varieties to choose

A novice vintner asks: "What is the best grape to plant in the country?" Among the table grape varieties, it is best to choose:

1. Arcadia. This variety was obtained by crossing two Moldovan varieties: Moldova and Cardinal. The result is a delicious variety with very large fruits. The brushes grow large and can weigh up to two kilograms. In addition, this variety is prized for its frost resistance.
2. Delight. This variety is characterized by early ripening. His vine can withstand minus twenty-six degrees below zero. Thanks to this, it is suitable for the northern regions of Russia and for the Moscow region.

Among the varieties of decorative grapes that can be quickly cultivated, the following are popular:

1. Coigne. It is a Japanese variety that has leaves thirty centimeters wide.
2. Fragrant grapes. This vine is highly frost-resistant.

Among technical varieties, winegrowers value most of all:

• Crystal.
• Platovsky.
• Friendship.
• Gechei zamatosh.
• Pineapple.
• Fortune.
• Odessa Muscat.
• Donutsky Muscat.
• Floral.
• Antaeus Magarachsky.
• The firstborn of the maharach.
• Regent.

It is up to the grower to decide which grape variety to choose, while he needs to remember that only compliance with all planting rules will ensure a high yield of the plant. It is also important to be guided by the timing of fruit ripening when choosing a vine for a summer residence.