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How beautiful the apple tree blooms! A truly unforgettable sight. White flowers bloom on the tree, emitting a pleasant aroma. But such beauty can be spoiled by pests of the apple tree. They cause tremendous damage to the fruit tree. In the summer, at the beginning of June, insects seem to wake up from hibernation and seek to feast on something tasty, and the aroma of the apple tree beckons them. Therefore, the duty of every gardener is to know how dangerous apple pests are and what the fight against them is.
Figure: 1. Apple tree pests
Apple tree pests and how to get rid of them
They strive to gnaw the apple tree and garden parasites. Every gardener should know how to protect their garden and eliminate pests.
Fruit moth
The apple moth is a small-sized butterfly that has a gray-brown color. In an insect, the size of the wings reaches 2 cm. The butterfly does not pose a particular danger, it does not eat fruits, as the name suggests, but breeds caterpillars. But small parasites will appear at the moment when bulk apples are already hanging on the tree. They fight pests with improvised means.
- Fermented compote is left near the tree. It is advisable to pour the drink into shallow containers. By the end of the day, there will be a bunch of butterflies on the surface. This method helps to at least slightly reduce the number of moths.
- You can prepare a decoction of hot pepper. Take 6 pepper pods, put them in a saucepan and cover with water. The pan is sent to the stove and brought to a boil. Then add 100 g of the finished broth to 5 liters of water.
- Traditional treatment does not always help. Biological agents help to get rid of the disease. The best ones are bitoxybacillin, lepidocide. But you can use chemical agents against the moth as a supplement: decis, kinmix, karbofos.
Fruit moth
Sawfly
The sawfly is somewhat similar to the previous pest. He also eats fruits, gnawing the pulp, and is able to do this at an early stage of development (the appearance of the ovary). To prevent the destruction of the embryo, trees are sprayed with folk remedies.
- Wormwood infusion is very simple to prepare. Add crushed pharmaceutical wormwood to 1 bucket of water. Homemade infusion should be left for 2 days in a dark place.
- To prepare mustard infusion, you need 100 g of mustard and 5 liters of water. The components are combined, mixed and left for half a day.
You can treat the trunk, leaves and roots with Alterr or Vantex preparations, and there will be no trace of the sawfly.
Sawfly
Medianitsa
The body length of the sucker reaches 2.5 mm. The female pest lays eggs directly in the trees. For prophylaxis against sucker, orchards are treated with home remedies.
- Take 300 g of tobacco and add it to a bucket of water. Boil a little and cool. Add 50 g of soap to the cooled infusion.
- To prepare the following composition, you will need to grind the bird cherry branches: 300 g of the prepared raw material is poured into a bucket, filled with water and set to boil for 30 minutes.
Medianitsa
Shield
Often, green larvae 3 mm long appear on apple trees. This is a scale insect, which is considered the laziest insect. On an adult apple tree, it eats up the bark and makes a hole.During the entire development of the tree, the insect feeds on apple juice through a hole in one place. With a large accumulation of beetles, the tree does not grow well, and the fruits are deformed. To get rid of an insect mechanically, you need:
- carry out regular pruning;
- clean the trunk of old bark;
- wash off the pests with soapy water from the delicate bark.
You can get rid of black bugs on an apple tree in several stages. Before bud break, the trees are treated with a special composition (7 g of calcined salt + 70 g of green soap + 3 l of water). Alternatively, DNOC or nitrafen are chosen. In the case of a rodent, flies or other harmful insects, use karbofos, phosphamide, actelik.
Shield
Aphid
Aphids are small insects that infect any plant in the garden. It is practically invisible. It seems like a small parasite, but brings a lot of problems: the affected leaves curl, the shoots dry out, the buds are deformed.
- You can use the simplest way: take a hose with water and turn on a high pressure, completely walking through the foliage. This will wash away the pests.
- Or make an effective remedy (dilute 100 g of mustard powder in 1 bucket of water) and spray the trees.
But all these are temporary measures, because when the foliage dries up, aphids may reappear. To completely destroy it, oleocobrite and nitrafen are used as an additional method. After flowering, apply aktara, corsair, varant.
Aphid
Flower beetle
The apple blossom beetle is popularly called the weevil, it feeds on the buds and buds of fruit trees, in particular, apple trees. Trees are treated before bud break and before flowering.
- Take half a bucket of onion peel and pour it to the brim with hot water, but not boiling water. The composition should stand for 3 hours. If you leave it overnight, then in the morning before use you need to dilute the strong solution with water.
- To prepare a coniferous product, you will need 50 g of pine needles concentrate and 1 bucket of water. All are mixed and sprayed with apple trees.
If folk remedies were not saved, then fufanon, spark and novaktion can be used.
Flower beetle
Mole
The apple moth resembles an ordinary butterfly only of small size. Its caterpillars eat up the leaves and then weave a web. To combat it, make infusions of potatoes or tomato, or use a remedy from ground pepper (1 teaspoon for 1 bucket of water). The infusion should be allowed to stand for 2 days before use.
Apple moth
As an additional control, entobacterin, lepidocid, fosalon or dimilin are used.
Red tick
This insect is almost invisible on fruit trees. Despite its small size, the small pest destroys the leaves. Alone, such mites are not found, they attack the plant in whole colonies and can gnaw the leaves even all day, leaving behind a cobweb.
Red tick on apple tree
To get rid of them:
- Take 500 g of garlic and pass through the garlic clove. The resulting gruel is poured with 1 bucket of water and mixed. You can use it in a day.
- Pour 300 g of horse sorrel roots with 5 liters of hot water. As soon as the composition has cooled, you can spray the leaves.
Of the finished preparations, anti-mites, fufafon, and nitrafen have proven themselves well.
Bark beetle
Bark beetle on apple tree
Bark beetle on an apple tree: methods of dealing with these insects, of which there are several species in nature, are very different. They can be seen immediately after the flowering of the apple orchard. The people called him that because it damages the bark of a tree. They hibernate and devour it. Female apple bark beetles do not die, they can lay eggs several times during the season. How to deal with a harmful bark beetle on an apple tree? The best way is to use copper sulfate.
Fire
Firefly on an apple tree: how to fight if trees are hit by this one? In autumn or spring, all trunk circles must be covered with roofing material and old film. You should start from the base of the tree and up to the crown. In the middle of summer, the trap can be removed. High hilling is an alternative.
Mouse
Usually, mice damage the trunk of a tree.But unlike other rodents, they cause light damage that affects the outer part of the bark. How to save an apple tree if the tree bark has been eaten by mice? If the damage is superficial, then the trunk can be tied with polyethylene. When the affected areas dry up, this indicates the recovery of the tree. If the process of withering away is irreversible, then an urgent need to transplant the bark from a healthy tree.
Mouse
After a while, many gardeners again complain that the apple tree has been gnawed by mice. What if the tape didn't work? There is another effective way - clay and cow dung. The damaged area is cut off and smeared with clay, and wrapped on top with a cloth, which is regularly moistened with water.
Hares
Hares gnawed apple bushes, what should I do? It is urgent to treat the gnawed places with garden varnish (applied in a thick layer), otherwise the trunks will begin to dry. If the jumpers remain, then the apple tree can be restored. After processing, it is better to wrap the trunk with lutrasil, which can be fixed with wire.
Ants
Ants on apple tree
Folk methods allow you to get rid of ants quickly and efficiently. You can use kerosene with carbolic acid. The smell will scare away small pests, and the acid will destroy. To obtain the product, mix 10 liters of water, 400 g of black soap, 1 tbsp. kerosene and 2 tbsp. spoons of acid. The prepared solution is poured into the anthill.
They also make all kinds of traps. How to make ant trapping belts for an apple tree? Nowadays, almost everyone has a car, so finding an old tire in the garage will not be difficult. You need to cut it lengthwise to get several rings.
Next, a trench is made near the infected tree, around the trunk. A tire is put on the top of the barrel and filled with water. Pests will not be able to swim across the "pool" and reach the tree.
Ant traps in trees
Catching belts for apple trees with your own hands can be made from ordinary scotch tape. To do this, wind the belt out on the sticky side barrel. Ants crawling onto a tree will stick to the tape.
The sticky belt is also made with glue and thick paper. Cut out a rectangle 25 cm wide. Apply glue to one side. From the ground, a belt is fastened 0.5 m upwards. The slots on both sides are smeared with clay.
Sticky Trapping Belt
Processing an apple orchard in the spring
The most effective processing of fruit trees in the spring. During the period of bud swelling, insects leave their shelters and begin to actively feed and reproduce.
In the spring, they first prune damaged branches and exfoliated bark. After the cutting procedure, the trunk is whitewashed with special paints. For efficiency, you can add copper sulfate to the solution.
Fruit tree processing is carried out in several stages. The very first is for swollen kidneys. For the fight use karbofos, forsamide, corsair. The second treatment is carried out before flowering. More gentle drugs are used - actofin, calypso, lepidocid. The last treatment is carried out after flowering with drugs karbofos, micros, phosphate.
Processing an apple orchard in summer
In the summer, pest control continues. To prevent the appearance of parasites, in June, tree trunks are treated with carbaphos or chlorophos. Infusion of tobacco dust has proven itself very well. For cooking, take 1 tbsp. tobacco and pour 2 liters of water. Put on low heat for 30 minutes. The next day, the broth is diluted with water at a rate of 1: 3. Before the spraying procedure, liquid soap is added to the solution.
Tree processing
Also, the following procedure will be no less effective. They take heaps of wet straw or manure and spread it between the trees, sprinkle it with tobacco dust on top. Bonfires are kindled and wait until they smolder.
Compliance by the gardener with all the rules for caring for apple trees (pruning, treatment from fungi, watering, cleaning) will serve well in the fight against insects that harm the bark and fruits. Only in this case will the harvest be large and of high quality.
